Methylamine (CAS#74-89-5)
Hadari da Tsaro
| Lambobin haɗari | R12 - Mai Wuta Mai Wuta R20 - Yana cutar da numfashi R37 / 38 - Haushi ga tsarin numfashi da fata. R41 - Hadarin mummunan lalacewa ga idanu R34 - Yana haifar da konewa R20/22 - Yana cutar da numfashi kuma idan an haɗiye shi. R11 - Mai ƙonewa sosai R39/23/24/25 - R36 / 37/38 - Haushi ga idanu, tsarin numfashi da fata. R23 / 24/25 - Mai guba ta hanyar numfashi, a cikin hulɗa da fata kuma idan an haɗiye shi. R40 - Shaida mai iyaka na tasirin cutar sankara R19 - Zai iya samar da peroxides masu fashewa |
| Bayanin Tsaro | S7 – Rike akwati a rufe sosai. S16 - Ka nisantar da tushen wuta. S26 - Idan ana hulɗa da idanu, kurkura nan da nan da ruwa mai yawa kuma ku nemi shawarar likita. S36/37 - Sanya tufafin kariya da safar hannu masu dacewa. S45 - Idan akwai haɗari ko kuma idan kun ji rashin lafiya, nemi shawarar likita nan da nan (nuna alamar a duk lokacin da zai yiwu.) S29 - Kada ku komai a cikin magudanar ruwa. S36 / 37/39 - Sanya tufafin kariya masu dacewa, safar hannu da kariya / ido / fuska. S3/7 - S3 - Tsaya a wuri mai sanyi. S39 – Sa ido/kariyar fuska. S33 - Ɗauki matakan kariya game da fitar da a tsaye. |
| ID na UN | UN 3286 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Jamus | 2 |
| RTECS | Saukewa: PF630000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 4.5-31 |
| Farashin TSCA | Ee |
| HS Code | 29211100 |
| Matsayin Hazard | 3 |
| Rukunin tattarawa | II |
| Guba | LD50 baki a cikin berayen: 100-200 mg / kg (Kinney); LC50 a cikin berayen: 0.448 ml/l (Sarkar, Sastry) |
Bayani
| Organic sinadaran albarkatun kasa | methylamine, wanda kuma aka sani da methylamine da aminomethane, muhimmin kayan sinadarai ne mai mahimmanci da tsaka-tsaki, a dakin da zafin jiki da matsa lamba na yanayi don iskar gas mara launi, babban maida hankali ko matsawa, tare da ƙanshin ammonia mai karfi. Kamshin kifi a ƙananan yawa. Mai narkewa a cikin ruwa, mai narkewa a cikin ethanol, ether. Sauƙi don ƙonewa, samar da cakuda mai fashewa tare da iska, iyakar fashewa: 4.3% ~ 21%. Akwai raunin alkaline, alkaline fiye da ammonia, da inorganic acid don samar da gishiri mai narkewa da ruwa. An hada shi daga methanol da ammonia a karkashin aikin high zafin jiki da kuma high matsa lamba da kuma kara kuzari, da kuma za a iya shirya ta dumama formaldehyde da ammonium chloride zuwa 300 ℃ a karkashin aikin tutiya chloride. Methylamine za a iya amfani da a yi na kashe kwari, Pharmaceuticals, roba vulcanization accelerators, dyes, fashewar, fata, man fetur, surfactants, ion musayar resins, fenti strippers, coatings da Additives. Yana da mahimmancin albarkatun ƙasa don samar da magungunan kashe qwari Dimethoate, carbaryl da chlordimeform. Methylamine inhalation toxicity ne low toxicity aji, matsakaicin izinin maida hankali a cikin iska 5mg/m3 (0.4ppm). Mai lalacewa, mai ban haushi ga idanu, fata da mucous membranes. Idan akwai bude wuta, akwai haɗarin konewa sakamakon zafi mai zafi, kuma lalacewar silinda da na'urorin haɗi zai haifar da fashewa. |
| Taimakon farko don guba | Methylamine matsakaicin aji ne mai guba tare da tsananin fushi da lalata. A cikin tsarin samarwa da kuma lokacin sufuri, saboda zubar da hankali, zai haifar da hulɗar guba mai tsanani. Ana iya shakar wannan samfurin ta hanyar numfashi, ana iya shayar da maganin ta cikin fata, kuma gishiri zai iya zama guba ta hanyar haɗari. Wannan samfurin yana da tasiri mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi akan idanu, sashin numfashi na sama, fata da mucosa. Numfashi mai yawa na iya lalata huhu. Matsaloli masu tsanani na iya haifar da edema na huhu, ciwo na numfashi da kuma mutuwa. Duk da haka, ba a sami rahoton bullar cutar ba a gida da waje. Liquid methylamine mahadi suna da karfi da fushi da lalata, na iya haifar da konewar sinadarai na ido da fata. 40% methylamine aqueous bayani zai iya haifar da ciwon ido, photophobia, hawaye, Conjunctival Congestion, fatar ido kumburi, corneal edema da na waje ulcers, bayyanar cututtuka na iya wuce 1 zuwa 2 makonni. Bayyanar dogon lokaci zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin methylamine, na iya jin bushewar idanu, hanci, makogwaro da rashin jin daɗi. [matakan taimakon farko] lokacin da fata ke haɗuwa, cire gurɓataccen tufafin nan da nan kuma ku kurkura sosai tare da ruwa mai yawa, 0.5% citric acid yana kurkura fata, mucous membranes da gargles. idan idanu sun gurbata, sai a daga fatar ido, a wanke da ruwan gudu ko gishiri na tsawon mintuna 15, sannan a duba ta da tabon fluorescein. Idan akwai rauni a cikin ido, ya kamata a nemi likitan ido. ga wadanda suka shakar iskar monomethylamine, da sauri su bar wurin su matsa zuwa wani wuri da iska mai dadi don kiyaye hanyoyin numfashi ba tare da toshewa ba. Dyspnea na marasa lafiya ya kamata a ba da iskar oxygen, bayan jiyya, an aika mai haƙuri zuwa asibiti don maganin gaggawa. |
| manufa | ana amfani da shi azaman kayan albarkatun ƙasa na asali don magungunan kashe qwari, magunguna, yadi da sauran masana'antu, kuma ana amfani da su a cikin abubuwan fashewar ruwa. ana amfani da shi azaman ƙarfi da refrigerant ana amfani da shi azaman kayan albarkatun sinadarai na asali, kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin magungunan kashe qwari, magunguna, yadi da sauran masana'antu. ana amfani da su azaman surfactant, polymerization inhibitors da kaushi, kuma ana amfani da su a cikin kwayoyin kira da bugu da rini masana'antu. don hada magungunan kashe qwari, magunguna, rini, kayan yaji, da dai sauransu, kuma don electrolysis, electroplating monomethylamine shine muhimmin aliphatic amine Organic sinadaran albarkatun kasa, wanda ake amfani dashi sosai wajen samar da magungunan kashe qwari, kuma ana iya amfani dashi don haɗa N- methyl chloroacetamide, wanda shine matsakaici na organophosphorus kwari dimethoate da omethoate; monocrotophos matsakaici α-chloroacetylethanamine; Carbamoyl chloride da methyl isocyanate a matsayin tsaka-tsaki na maganin kwari na carbamate; Haka kuma sauran nau'ikan magungunan kashe qwari irin su monoformamidine, Amitraz, benzenesulfonon, da sauransu. Methylamine yana da aikace-aikacen masana'antu da yawa. Ana iya amfani da Methylamine a matsayin magani (kunnawa, maganin kafeyin, ephedrine, da dai sauransu), magungunan kashe qwari (carbaryl, dimethoate, chloramidine, da dai sauransu), launi (tsakiyar alizarin, tsaka-tsakin anthraquinone, da dai sauransu), fashewa da man fetur (gilashin ruwa, monomethhydrazine). , da dai sauransu), surfactants, accelerators, da albarkatun kasa kamar kayan aikin roba, sinadarai na hoto da abubuwan narkewa. Matsakaici don samar da agrochemicals da magunguna don samar da N-methylpyrrolidone (mai narkewa). |
| hanyar samarwa | a masana'antu, methylamine yana haɗawa daga methanol da ammonia a babban zafin jiki ta hanyar mai canzawa wanda lokaci-lokaci yana sanye da kayan aikin alumina mai kunnawa, duk da haka, amsawar methylation baya tsayawa a matakin monomethylamine, don haka yana haifar da cakuda monomethylamine, dimethylamine da trimethylamine. Sarrafa rabo na methanol da ammonia, ammonia wuce haddi, da kuma ƙara ruwa da wurare dabam dabam na trimethylamine ne conducive ga samuwar methylamine da dimethylamine, lokacin da adadin ammonia ne 2.5 sau na methanol, da dauki zafin jiki ne 425 deg C, lokacin da dauki. matsa lamba shine 2.45MPa, amine mai gauraye na 10-12% na monomethylamine, 8-9% na dimethylamine. kuma ana iya samun 11-13% na trimethylamine. Tun da trimethylamine ya samar da azeotrope tare da ammonia da sauran methylamines a matsa lamba na yanayi, samfuran amsawa sun rabu ta hanyar haɗuwa da distillation na matsa lamba da cirewa. Dangane da samar da 1t gauraye methylamine, 1500kg na methanol da 500kg na ruwa ammonia suna cinyewa. Dangane da rahotannin wallafe-wallafen da suka dace, canza canjin methanol da ammonia shine hanya mai mahimmanci don samun samfurin da ake so, methanol da ammonia rabo na 1: 1.5 shine mafi kyawun yanayi don samuwar trimethylamine, methanol da ammonia rabo na 1: 4. mafi kyawun yanayi don samuwar methylamine. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa na samar da monomethylamine, amma methanol amination an fi amfani dashi a masana'antu. CH3OH + NH3 → CH3NH2 + H2O2CH3OH + NH3 →(CH3) 2NH + 2H2O3CH3OH + NH3 → (CH3) 3N + 3H2O daga methanol da ammonia a wani rabo na 1: 1.5 ~ 4, a karkashin high zafin jiki na gas da kuma high matsa lamba. Ana aiwatar da amsawar catalytic amination ta amfani da kunnawa alumina a matsayin mai kara kuzari, A gauraye danyen samfurin mono-, di-da trimethylamine ne generated, sa'an nan kuma rabu da ci gaba da matsa lamba distillation ta jerin distillation ginshikan, condensed da deammoniated da dehydrated don samun mono-, di-da trimethylamine kayayyakin bi da bi. . |
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